Contribuições da psicolinguística experimental para a compreensão dos distúrbios da linguagem

Abstract

This article discusses the biological basis of human verbal communication, describing the characteristics and factors that cause language disorders (Schirmer et al., 2004; Hübner, 2015). Furthermore, it emphasizes the use of the experimental methodology provided by Psycholinguistics to investigate internal aspects of linguistic comprehension and production (Leitão, 2008; Sá and Oliveira, 2022). Although there are many benefits in the interface between these two areas, there is still little dissemination of Experimental Psycholinguistics. In this sense, the objective of this article was to present the contributions of psycholinguistic research to the advancement of scientific discoveries regarding different language disorders, especially dyslexia, Alzheimer's disease, and stuttering (Mendes et al., 2010; Alves et al., 2021; Correia et al., 2023). The analysis of the studies listed showed that the multiplicity of experimental techniques, used in isolation or in combination, such as self-paced reading and the Electroencephalogram (EEG), for example, are recurrent in the area. Therefore, the contribution of Experimental Psycholinguistics to the understanding of language disorders goes beyond the theoretical bias, since it is in practice, through a solid experimental methodology, that linguistic phenomena and cognitive mechanisms in individuals with different disorders are described and mapped, providing appropriate interventions so that subjects can develop functional communication in society.