Drag language translation on RuPaul’s Drag Race: a study on representation through subtitles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10263382Resumo
: Since 2009, the reality show RuPaul’s Drag Race has been spreading drag culture and language from the United States in many other countries in the world, such as Brazil. The audience, which may speak languages other than English, has access to RuPaul’s Drag Race through subtitling and dubbing. The study of the translation of this reality show is very relevant, since in oppressive governments, as in Brazil and in the United States, the academic production about/by women, people of color and LGBTQIs is indispensable. Therefore, the drag language translation through the subtitles of RuPaul’s Drag Race is discussed, by studying the language present in the reality show, its aspects and its meanings, and by analyzing the representation of the drag language translation to Brazilian Portuguese. The theoretical framework for this article is composed by the theories of Audiovisual Translation, focusing on subtitling. Besides that, the drag culture and language of both United States and Brazil is discussed. The corpus of this research is composed by six images and subtitles collected from three seasons of RuPaul’s Drag Race. The analysis encompasses six expressions and their translations in the subtitles. The analysis shows subtitles that translate English drag language through expressions of the Brazilian LGBTQI+ language, as well as subtitles that do not use a language similar to the one presented in the reality show. The translators seem to the aware of the culture and the language presented in the reality show.
Downloads
Referências
ALENCAR, Valéria Peixoto de. Teatro no Renascimento (2) – Inglaterra de Shakespeare se destaca. Educação UOL. São Paulo: UOL. Disponível em: https://educacao.uol.com.br/disciplinas/artes/teatro-no-renascimento-2-inglaterra-de-shakespeare-se-destaca.htm. Acesso em: 17 mai. 2019.
BONNER, Wesley. ‘RuPaul’s Drag Race’ Cast On Why Drag Is So Important. Elite Daily. Disponível em: https://www.elitedaily.com/entertainment/cast-rupauls-drag-race/1834131. Acesso em: 10 mai. 2019.
BRESNAHAN, Haley. 5 Reasons Why “RuPaul’s Drag Race” Is One of the More Important Shows on TV. Disponível em: https://femmagazine.com/5-reasons-why-rupauls-drag-race-is-one-of-the-more-important-shows-on-tv/. Acesso em: 10 mai. 2019.
BUTLER, Judith P. Bodies that matter: on the discursive limits of “sex”. USA: Routledge, 1993.
BUTLER, Judith P. Gender Trouble: feminism and the subversion of identity. USA: Routlege, Chapman & Hall, 1990.
CARROLL, Mary; Ivarsson, Jan. Code of Good Subtitling Practice. Berlin: European Association for Studies in Screen Translation, 1998.
CINTAS, Jorge Díaz; ANDERMAN, Gunilla. Introduction. In: CINTAS, Jorge Díaz; ANDERMAN, Gunilla. Audiovisual Translation - Language transfer on screen. UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. 271 p.
CINTAS, Jorge Díaz; REMAEL, Aline. Audiovisual Translation: subtitling. USA: Routledge, 2007.
COLLING, Leandro. Teoria Queer. In: Mais definições em trânsito. Bahia: UFBA, 2007. Disponível em: http://www.cult.ufba.br/maisdefinicoes/TEORIAQUEER.pdf. Acesso em: 08 mai. 2019.
CONRAD, David. Minidicionário Escola Inglês. São Paulo: DCL, 1999.
DAEMS, Jim. RuPaul’s ambivalent appropriation of pop culture. In: DAEMS, Jim (ed.). The Makeup of RuPaul’s Drag Race: Essays on the Queen of Reality Shows. USA: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2014. Edição do Kindle.
DAMSHENAS, Sam. RuPaul’s Drag Race is the most important queer TV show in HERstory, and here’s why. GAYTIMES. Disponível em: https://www.gaytimes.co.uk/culture/105475/rupauls-drag-race-is-the-most-important-queer-tv-show-in-herstory-and-heres-why/. Acesso em: 10 mai. 2019.
Dicionário InFormal. Disponível em: https://www.dicionarioinformal.com.br/. Acesso em: 05 mai. 2019.
DUDEK, Anna. The Untranslability of Dialects in Subtitling: An Analysis of Translation Techniques Used in the English Subtitles to The Peasants. Anglica Wratislaviensia, Polônia, 2018.
ETKIN, Jaime. RuPaul’s Drag Race slang: tuck, sickening and more drag terms. The Daily Beast. Estados Unidos: The Daily Beast, 2011. Disponível em: https://www.thedailybeast.com/rupauls-drag-race-slang-tuck-sickening-and-more-drag-terms?ref=scroll. Acesso em: 09 mai. 2019.
FRESSLER, Jeff; RAUCH, Karen. When drag is not a car race: An Irreverent Dictionary of Over 400 Gay & Lesbian Words & Phrases. Nova Iorque: Fireside, 1997.
GAMBIER, Yves; GOTTLIEB, Henrik. Multimedia, Multilingua: Multiple challenges. In: GAMBIER, Yves; GOTTLIEB, Henrik (ed.). (Multi) Media Translation – Concepts, practices, and research. USA: John Benjamins B.V., 2001. 321 p.
Lea DeLaria on Trump, playing 'Big Boo' on OITNB and how Me Too left out lesbians. Channel 4 News. YouTube. [video]. Duração: 36:56. Disponível em: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cceqOBnoc0. Acesso em: 09 mai. 2019.
LUU, Chi. The Unspeakable Linguistics of Camp. JSTOR Daily, EUA, 9 Jun. 2018. Disponível em: https://daily.jstor.org/unspeakable-linguistics-camp/. Acesso em: 11 abr. 2019.
MARTINS, Geiza. Glossário de gênero: entenda o que é cis, trans, não-binário e mais. Universa. UOL. Disponível em: https://universa.uol.com.br/noticias/redacao/2018/03/19/glossario-de-genero-entenda-o-que-significam-os-termos-cis-trans-binario.htm?cmpid=copiaecola. Acesso em: 27 abr. 2019.
MEO, Mariagrazia De. Subtitling dialect and culture-bond language. Testi e linguaggi, Itália, 2010, v. 4.
NICHOLS, James Michael. RuPaul On Trump: 'Pardon Me Madame, But The Emperor Has No Clothes!'. HUFFPOST. Estados Unidos: HUFFPOST, 2017. Disponível em: https://www.huffpostbrasil.com/entry/rupaul-interview-james-michael_n_58cf394de4b00705db50615d. Acesso em: 10 jun. 2019.
NIDA, Eugene. Linguistics and Ethnology in Translation-problems. England: Routledge, 1945.
PANDELL, Lexi. How RuPaul’s Drag Race fueled pop culture’s dominant slang engine. Wired, EUA, 22 Mar. 2018. Disponível em: https://www.wired.com/story/rupauls-drag-race-slang/. Acesso em: 11 abr. 2019.
PARDES, Arielle. The evolution of the Bitch. Vice. Disponível em: https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/ppmx3m/the-evolution-of-the-bitch-905. Acesso em: 03 mai. 2019.
PETTIT, Zoe. Connecting Cultures: Cultural Transfer in Subtitling and Dubbing. In: CINTAS, Jorge Díaz (ed.). New trends in audiovisual translation. UK: Cromwell Press Group, 2009.
PLAZA, Julio. Tradução Intersemiótica. São Paulo: Editora Perspectiva, 2003.
RAMIREZ, Tanisha Love; BLAY, Zeba. Why are people using the term ‘latinxs’. Huff Post. Disponível em: https://www.huffpostbrasil.com/entry/why-people-are-using-the-term-latinx_n_57753328e4b0cc0fa136a159. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2019.
REIF, Laura. De onde vêm as raízes históricas do pajubá, o dileto LGBT+ que já foi usado como linguagem em código e instrumento de resistência. Revista Trip, Brasil, 11 Fev. 2019. Disponível em: https://revistatrip.uol.com.br/trip/conheca-as-raizes-historicas-e-de-resistencia-do-pajuba-o-dialeto-lgbt. Acesso em: 11 abr. 2019.
REMAEL, Aline. Some Thoughts on the Study of Multimodal and Multimedia Translation. In: GAMBIER, Yves; GOTTLIEB, Henrik (ed.). (Multi) Media Translation – Concepts, practices, and research. USA: John Benjamins B.V., 2001. 321 p.
RITTMAYER, Allison M. Translation and Film: Slang, Dialects, Accents and Multiple Languages. Comparative Humanities Review, Pensilvânia, 2009, Vol. 3.
ROSA, Alexandra Assis. Features of Oral and Written Communication in Subtitling. In: GAMBIER, Yves; GOTTLIEB, Henrik (ed.). (Multi) Media Translation – Concepts, practices, and research. USA: John Benjamins B.V., 2001. 321 p.
RuPaul And Stephen Share A Secret Language. The Late Show with Stephen Colbert. Youtube. [video]. Duração: 6:47. Disponível em: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zq0T7ye-Pn4. Acesso em: 9 mai. 2019.
RUPAUL’S DRAG RACE [reality show]. MURRAY, Nick. VH1. Estados Unidos: 2016, 2017. Los Angeles: World of Wonder. Netflix. Colorido.
RUPAUL’S DRAG RACE ALL STARS [reality show]. VH1. MURRAY, Nick. Estados Unidos: 2018. Los Angeles: World of Wonder. WoW Presents Plus. Colorido.
RuPaul’s Drag Race Awards. IMDb. Disponível em: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1353056/awards. Acesso em: 10 mai. 2019.
RuPaul’s Drag Race’ Cast Explains The History of Drag Culture. Allure. YouTube. [video]. 2018. Duração: 5:32. Disponível em: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHlE3RIkRi0. Acesso em: 17 mai. 2019.
RuPaul’s Drag Race: why is it so influential?. LatinAmerican Post. Disponível em: https://latinamericanpost.com/27493-rupauls-drag-race-why-is-it-so-influential. Acesso em: 10 mai. 2019.
SILVA, I. T. A.; CAMARGO, J. L.; STETNET, M. T. P.; IFA, S.; BOSCOV, G. T. G. Michaelis Dicionário Universal Inglês. São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2003. p. 32.
SKUGGEVIK, Erik. Teaching Screen Translation: the Role of Pragmatics in Subtitling. In: CINTAS, Jorge Díaz; ANDERMAN, Gunilla. Audiovisual Translation - Language transfer on screen. UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. 271 p.
SOUZA, Lúcio. BALLROOM — Glamour, orgulho e resistência. Disponível em: https://medium.com/@luciosouza/ballroom-glamour-orgulho-e-resist%C3%AAncia-f8d393e095cb. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2019.
SUMMERS, Liz. Ask a crossdresser: crossdressing vs. drag. My Weekend Shoes. Disponível em: https://www.myweekendshoes.com/2014/09/ask-a-crossdresser-crossdressing-vs-drag/. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2019.
Urban Dictionary. Disponível em: https://www.urbandictionary.com/. Acesso em: 05 mai. 2019.
Wiktionary. Disponível em: https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/. Acesso em: 10 mai. 2019.
Word Reference. Disponível em: http://www.wordreference.com/. Acesso em: 03 mai. 2019.
Downloads
Publicado em
Como Citar
Seção
Licença
© 2023 Revista Letras Raras
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
