Health Surveillance

Challenges for the Rural Worker

Abstract

This article addresses occupational health surveillance for rural workers and examines the working conditions in rural areas of Brazil, highlighting the physical, chemical, and psychosocial risks they face daily. These workers are exposed to weather adversities, pesticides, and precarious living and working conditions. The study was conducted through expository and descriptive bibliographic research, using books, scientific articles, legislation, and official documents. Data from Moreira et al. (2015) indicate a higher incidence of diseases such as hypertension, arthritis, cancer, and psychosocial disorders among rural workers. The analysis also covers the National Policy on Workers' Health (PNSTT) and the National Policy for Comprehensive Health of Populations from Rural Areas and Forests (PNSIPCF), emphasizing the need to align these policies with the realities of rural life. Research conducted by Fiocruz reveals that Primary Health Care (PHC) in rural areas faces underfunding, a shortage of professionals, and high medical turnover, limiting workers' access to essential healthcare services. The study concludes that strengthening PHC and adapting public policies are fundamental to ensuring the well-being of rural workers and promoting the sustainability of agricultural activities, which are essential to society.